Repiblik Ayiti)¶

Jurisdiction code: HT · Legal system: civil-law
Language(s): fr, ht

Haiti is a Caribbean civil-law republic whose family-law framework operates under the Civil Code (Code Civil, drawing on French Napoleonic Code substantive heritage via 1825 adoption) supplemented by the Decree of 8 October 1982 on Marital Equality and the 2014 Children's Rights Code (Code de Protection de l'Enfant). Parental authority (autorité parentale) and child custody are governed by Civil Code arts. 367-389. The Court of Cassation (Cour de Cassation) is the apex court for civil and criminal matters; the Superior Court of Auditors and Administrative Disputes (Cour Supérieure des Comptes et du Contentieux Administratif) operates within the administrative jurisdiction. Family-law matters are heard at first instance in the Court of First Instance (Tribunal de Première Instance). Psychology profession is regulated through the Association Haïtienne de Psychologie under Ministry of Public Health framework. Haiti is silent on 'parental alienation' as a statutory label; courts operate substantively under the interest-of-the-child standard. Haiti acceded to the Hague Convention 1980 effective 1 February 2013.

PA recognition status¶

Statutory: silent
Apex court position: no-apex-position
Professional regulator position: silent

Statutory framework¶

Civil Code arts. 367-389 — Civil Code — Parental authority and custody (1825) — https://www.haiti.gouv.ht/
Federal Civil Code drawing on French Napoleonic Code substantive heritage via 1825 adoption. Arts. 367-389 govern autorité parentale and child custody.
Decree of 8 October 1982 on Marital Equality — Decree on Marital Equality (1982) — https://www.haiti.gouv.ht/
Federal Decree codifying marital equality and parental responsibility framework.
Children's Rights Code 2014 (Code de Protection de l'Enfant) — Children's Rights Code (2014) — https://www.haiti.gouv.ht/
Federal Code aligned with UNCRC obligations.

Apex courts¶

Court of Cassation (Cour de Cassation)¶

https://www.haiti.gouv.ht/

Professional regulators¶

Association Haïtienne de Psychologie (AHPSY) — https://www.ahpsy.ht/

Anonymisation convention¶

Haitian family-court decisions are anonymised per Court of Cassation practice using initials.

Key developments¶

1804 — Haiti declared independence — first Black republic and second oldest independent republic in Americas after United States.
1825 — Federal Civil Code adopted via French Napoleonic Code substantive heritage.
1982 — Federal Decree codifying marital equality and parental responsibility framework.
2013 — Haiti acceded to the Hague Convention 1980 effective 1 February 2013.
2014 — Federal Children's Rights Code enacted aligned with UNCRC obligations.

Structural findings¶

Haiti operates a French-Napoleonic-derivative civil-law family-law framework — places Haiti alongside Dominican Republic within the Hispaniola civil-law cluster within the Caribbean.
Haitian independence (1804) is the earliest in the Americas after the United States — structurally distinctive within the corpus.
Bilingual official-language framework (French + Haitian Creole) is structurally distinctive within the Caribbean cluster.
Hague Convention 1980 accession 2013 places Haiti in the Hague Caribbean cluster.

Sources¶

Government of Haiti — https://www.haiti.gouv.ht/ (Government of Haiti) [fr,ht]
Association Haïtienne de Psychologie — https://www.ahpsy.ht/ (AHPSY) [fr,ht]

Editorial notes¶

Haiti jurisdiction sidecar — civil-law Caribbean (Civil Code Napoleonic-derivative + Decree on Marital Equality 1982 + Children's Rights Code 2014 + bilingual French-Haitian Creole + Hague Convention 1980 accession 2013).
PA-recognition: silent statutory + no-apex-position + silent regulator.
Joins Caribbean + civil-law + Napoleonic-derivative + earliest-Americas-Black-republic-distinctive + bilingual-Creole + Hague Convention clusters within the corpus.

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