{
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "id": "guinea",
  "name": "Guinea (Republic of Guinea / République de Guinée)",
  "jurisdiction_code": "GN",
  "legal_system": "civil-law",
  "language": ["fr"],
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "generated": "2026-06-04",
  "summary": "Guinea is a West African civil-law unitary republic whose family-law framework operates under the Civil Code 1983 (Code Civil) drawing on French civil-law substantive heritage with codification of customary-law marriage provisions, supplemented by the Children's Code 2008 (Code de l'Enfant, Law L/2008/011/AN). Parental authority and child custody are governed by Civil Code arts. 376-415 and Children's Code Title II. The Supreme Court (Cour Suprême) is the apex court for civil and criminal matters; the Constitutional Court (Cour Constitutionnelle) operates separate constitutional review. Family-law matters are heard at first instance in the Court of First Instance (Tribunal de Première Instance). Psychology profession is regulated through the Ministry of Health framework. Guinea is silent on 'parental alienation' as a statutory label; courts operate substantively under the interest-of-the-child standard. Guinea is non-Hague Convention.",
  "pa_recognition_status": {
    "statutory": "silent",
    "apex_court_position": "no-apex-position",
    "professional_regulator_position": "silent"
  },
  "statutory_framework": [
    {
      "citation": "Civil Code 1983 arts. 376-415",
      "title": "Civil Code — Parental authority and custody",
      "year": 1983,
      "url": "https://www.coursupreme.gov.gn/",
      "relevance": "Federal Civil Code drawing on French civil-law substantive heritage with codification of customary-law marriage provisions. Arts. 376-415 govern parental authority and child custody."
    },
    {
      "citation": "Children's Code 2008 (Law L/2008/011/AN)",
      "title": "Children's Code",
      "year": 2008,
      "url": "https://www.coursupreme.gov.gn/",
      "relevance": "Federal Children's Code aligned with UNCRC obligations."
    }
  ],
  "apex_courts": [
    {
      "name": "Supreme Court (Cour Suprême)",
      "seat": "Conakry",
      "url": "https://www.coursupreme.gov.gn/",
      "role": "Apex court for civil and criminal matters."
    },
    {
      "name": "Constitutional Court (Cour Constitutionnelle)",
      "seat": "Conakry",
      "url": "https://www.cc.gov.gn/",
      "role": "Constitutional Court with original jurisdiction over constitutional review."
    }
  ],
  "professional_regulators": [
    {
      "name": "Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Guinea",
      "url": "https://www.sante.gov.gn/",
      "role": "Federal regulator of health and allied health professionals including clinical psychology."
    }
  ],
  "anonymisation_convention": "Guinean family-court decisions are anonymised per Supreme Court practice using initials.",
  "key_developments": [
    {
      "year": 1958,
      "title": "Guinea independence + Touré presidency + distinctive Francafrique-rejection",
      "description": "Guinea achieved independence 2 October 1958 from France — first Francophone African country to vote 'No' in 1958 Constitutional Referendum (95% No vote) under Sékou Touré leadership. Substantively distinctive Francafrique-rejection pattern. Touré presidency 1958-1984 (26 years) — among longest Cold-War-era African presidencies with Marxist-Pan-African orientation."
    },
    {
      "year": 1983,
      "title": "Civil Code 1983 (Code Civil)",
      "description": "Federal Civil Code enacted 1983 drawing on French civil-law substantive heritage with codification of customary-law marriage provisions. Arts. 376-415 govern parental authority and child custody. Late-Touré-era codification under transitional pre-democratic framework."
    },
    {
      "year": 1990,
      "title": "Guinea ratifies UN Convention on the Rights of the Child + Conté era reform",
      "description": "Guinea ratified the UNCRC on 13 July 1990 — among the early African ratifications globally. Lansana Conté presidency 1984-2008 (24 years) including 1990 Constitution and 1991 multi-party transition (substantively limited)."
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "title": "Children's Code (Law L/2008/011/AN) + Conté death + military junta context",
      "description": "Federal Children's Code enacted 19 August 2008 (Law L/2008/011/AN) aligned with UNCRC obligations — codifying child-protection mechanisms, juvenile-justice principles, child-development standards. Concurrently, Lansana Conté died 22 December 2008 triggering military coup by Moussa Dadis Camara and substantial political-institutional disruption."
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "title": "Constitution of the Third Republic 2010 + democratic transition",
      "description": "Constitution of the Third Republic of Guinea adopted by referendum 7 May 2010 — substantively reforming political-institutional framework after 2008-2010 military-transition period. Democratic transition to Alpha Condé presidency 2010-2021."
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "title": "Ebola epidemic 2014-2016 + family-law-implementation disruption",
      "description": "West African Ebola epidemic 2014-2016 substantially affected Guinea (most-affected country alongside Sierra Leone and Liberia) — substantive demographic disruption affecting family-law-implementation including orphan-protection and family-reunification frameworks. Approximately 11,000 deaths globally including 2,500+ in Guinea."
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "title": "Constitutional referendum 2020 + Alpha Condé controversial third-term + 2021 coup context",
      "description": "Constitutional referendum 22 March 2020 substantively expanded presidential term-eligibility enabling Alpha Condé's controversial third-term candidacy. 2020 election and subsequent unrest preceded 2021 coup."
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "title": "Coup d'état September 2021 + Mamady Doumbouya military junta",
      "description": "Coup d'état 5 September 2021 ended Alpha Condé presidency — Mamady Doumbouya led Comité National du Rassemblement et du Développement (CNRD) military junta. Substantial political-institutional disruption affecting family-law-implementation. Subsequent ECOWAS sanctions and democratic-transition contestation."
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "title": "Constitutional review + transition-to-democracy framework debates",
      "description": "Constitutional review process 2023-2024 — substantive constitutional-reform debates around return to democratic-civilian governance framework. Doumbouya military-junta-presidency transition trajectory contested by ECOWAS and international community."
    },
    {
      "year": 2025,
      "title": "Cour Suprême + Cour Constitutionnelle — interest-of-the-child substantive register in constrained operational context",
      "description": "Cour Suprême and Cour Constitutionnelle continue to develop interest-of-the-child jurisprudence under Civil Code arts. 376-415 + Children's Code 2008 framework in custody disputes within constrained operational context of ongoing military-junta governance and democratic-transition contestation. Substantive analysis without doctrinal 'parental alienation' label adoption."
    }
  ],
  "structural_findings": [
    "Guinea operates a French-civil-law family-law framework with codification of customary-law marriage provisions — places Guinea in the West African Francophone civil-law cluster with French-derivative substantive heritage.",
    "Non-Hague Convention status places Guinea in the non-Hague West African cluster."
  ],
  "references": [
    "jurisdiction:guinea-bissau",
    "jurisdiction:senegal",
    "jurisdiction:sierra-leone",
    "evidence:cross-border-parental-abduction-and-pa-intersection",
    "evidence:childrens-rights-paramountcy-doctrine"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Supreme Court of Guinea",
      "url": "https://www.coursupreme.gov.gn/",
      "publisher": "Supreme Court",
      "language": "fr"
    },
    {
      "title": "Constitutional Court",
      "url": "https://www.cc.gov.gn/",
      "publisher": "Constitutional Court",
      "language": "fr"
    },
    {
      "title": "Ministry of Health",
      "url": "https://www.sante.gov.gn/",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Health",
      "language": "fr"
    }
  ],
  "editorial_notes": [
    "Guinea jurisdiction sidecar v1.1 — deepened 2026-06-08 from 2 to 10 key_developments with full Touré-to-Doumbouya trajectory: 1958-Guinea-independence-Touré-presidency-distinctive-Francafrique-rejection + 1983-Civil-Code-late-Touré-era + 1990-UNCRC-ratification-+-Conté-era-reform + 2008-Children's-Code-+-Conté-death-+-military-junta + 2010-Constitution-of-the-Third-Republic-+-democratic-transition + 2014-Ebola-epidemic-family-law-disruption + 2020-Constitutional-referendum-Alpha-Condé-controversial-third-term + 2021-Coup-d'état-+-Mamady-Doumbouya-military-junta + 2024-Constitutional-review-+-transition-to-democracy-debates + 2025-Cour-Suprême-Cour-Constitutionnelle-interest-of-the-child-constrained-context.",
    "Civil-law West African Francophone (Civil Code 1983 + Children's Code 2008 + Constitution 2010 + non-Hague Convention).",
    "PA-recognition: silent statutory + no-apex-position + silent regulator — substantive interest-of-the-child analysis under Civil Code arts. 376-415 + Children's Code 2008 framework within constrained operational context without doctrinal 'parental alienation' label.",
    "Joins West-African + Francophone + civil-law + French-derivative + 1958-Francafrique-rejection-distinctive (first Francophone African 'No' vote) + Touré-Conté-Camara-Condé-Doumbouya-presidential-trajectory + post-2021-military-junta-Doumbouya + Ebola-epidemic-2014-2016-family-law-implementation-disruption + non-Hague-Convention clusters within the corpus."
  ]
}